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Clĕander, dri, m., = Κλέανδρος, a favorite of the emperor Commodus, Lampr. Comm. 6, 7.
Clĕanthes, is (acc. -en, Cic. N. D. 3, 2, 5; Sen. Ep. 113, 18;
- I. -em, Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 60; id. Sen. 7, 23; voc. Cleanthe, id. Tusc. 3, 32, 77; Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 11), m., = Κλεάνθης, a Stoic philosopher of Assos, pupil of Zeno and teacher of Chrysippus, Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 73; 2, 41, 126; id. Fat. 7, 14; id. Div. 1, 3, 6; id. Fin. 2, 21, 69; 4, 3, 7; Sen. Ep. 44, 3; 108, 10; id. Ben. 5, 14, 1; Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 11.
Plur.: archetypos servare Cleanthas, statues of Cleanthes, Juv. 2, 7.
Hence,
- II. Cleanthēus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Cleanthes, = Stoic: fruge, i. e. praeceptis, Pers. 5, 64: turba, i. e. discipuli, Claud. Mall. Theod. 88.
Clĕarchus, i, m., = Κλέαρχος.
- I. A Spartan captain, Front. Strat. 4, 1.
- II. A tyrant of Heraclea Pontica, Just. 16, 4 sq.
- III. A philosopher of Soli, Gell. 4, 11.
† clēma, ătis, n., = κλῆμα, a plant, also called polygonon, Plin. 27, 12, 91, § 113.
† clēmătis, ĭdis, f., = κληματίς, the name of various climbing plants, as Vinca minor, Linn., etc.; Plin. 24, 10, 49, § 84; 24, 15, 88, § 138; 24, 15, 89, § 139; and 24, 15, 90, § 141.
† clēmătītis, ĭdis, f., = κληματῖτις, a creeping plant, a species of Aristolochia, called also Cretica, Plin. 25, 8, 54, § 96.
1. clēmens, entis (abl. usu. -ti; but -te, Liv. 1, 26, 8; Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7, 3), adj. [etym. dub.; cf. lemures; and Germ. hold].
- I. Orig. (in the class. per. very rare), of the quiet, placid, pleasant state of the air, wind, or weather, mild, calm, soft, gentle ( = the class. placidus, quietus): undae clementi flamine pulsae, * Cat. 64, 272: clementior Auster vela vocat, Stat. Th. 5, 468: aura Favoni, Claud. Cons. Prob. Olyb. 272; cf. id. III. Cons. Hon. 165; Val. Fl. 6, 747: clementior dies, Col. 11, 2, 2: clementior Arctos, Sil. 1, 198: clementiores plagae (opp. Septentrio), Pall. Febr. 12, 1.
Hence,
- B. Esp.
- 1. Of the gentle motion of the sea, rivers, etc., placid, calm, etc.: mare, Gell. 2, 21, 1: Pasitigris clementiore alveo praeterit, etc. (preced. by: praeceps inter saxa devolvitur), Curt. 5, 3, 1: quā sit clementissimus amnis, Ov. M. 9, 116.
- 2. Of places (opp. praeceps), smooth, of a gentle ascent: clivulus, App. M. 4, p. 144.
Far more freq.,
- II. Trop.
- A. Of a calm, unexcited, passionless state of mind, quiet, mild, gentle, tranquil, kind (syn.: placidus, lenis): clementem vocabo non in alieno dolore facilem, sed eum, qui cum suis stimulis exagitetur, non prosilit, etc., Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 3: egit semper vitam … clemens, placidus, Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 10: vita urbana atque otium, id. ib. 1, 1, 17 (cf. with Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17: vita quieta atque otiosa): ille suam semper egit vitam in otio, in conviviis: clemens, placidus, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10; Liv. 38, 17, 17 (cf. the passages under clementia, cited from Flor.): cupio, patres conscripti, me esse clementem: cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri, Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4: etsi satis clemens sum in disputando, tamen interdum soleo subirasci, id. Fin. 2, 4, 12: (Arimphaeis) ritus clementes, Plin. 6, 13, 14, § 35.
- 2. Transf. to animals. tame, domesticated: clementius genus columbarum (opp. agrestes), Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 2.
- B. Specif.
- 1. Mild in respect to the faults and failures of others, i. e. forbearing, indulgent, compassionate, merciful (class.; syn.: mitis, benignus, humanus, lenis, facilis, indulgens; opp.: crudelis, inhumanus, asper al.): clementi (mi) animo ignoscet, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 37; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 22: judices et misericordes, Cic. Planc. 13, 31; cf. * Hor. C. 3, 11, 46; Tac. A. 2, 57: vir et contra audaciam fortissimus et ab innocentiā clementissimus, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Nep. Epam. 3, 2: legis interpres, Liv. 1, 26, 8: dominus facilis et clemens, Suet. Aug. 67: justa et clemens servitus, Ter. And. 1, 1, 9: castigatio, Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137: clementior sententia, Liv. 8, 31, 8.
More unusual: rumor, i. e. non nimius, mild, mitigated, πρᾶος (acc. to Prisc. p. 1202 P.), Sall. J. 22, 1.
- 2. Poet. of places: pars (insulae) ratibus clemens, accessible, Claud. B. Gild. 511.
Adv.: clē-menter.
- I. (Acc. to I. A.) Gently, softly, mildly: non desiit adsidue tremere Campania, clementius quidem, sed ingenti damno, Sen. Q. N. 6, 31, 1: agitant venti oleas, Pall. Nov. 5: spirant clementius Austri, Stat. S. 2, 2, 27.
So of moderate, slow action gen.: Eu. Sequere sis. Ch. Sequor. Eu. Clementer quaeso; calces deteris, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111; so id. Stich. 4, 1, 26; id. Ep. 2, 2, 23.
- B. (Acc. to I. B. 2.) By degrees, gradually, gently: clementer et molliter assurgens collis, Col. 2, 2, 1; cf. Tac. A. 13, 38: editum jugum, id. G. 1; Sil. 1, 274; Sen. Oedip. 280: accedere, Tac. A. 12, 33; cf. in comp.: explorare, si quā Appennini juga clementius adirentur, id. H. 3, 52.
- II. (Acc. to II. A.) Quietly, placidly, tranquilly, calmly: accipere aliquid clementius aequo, * Lucr. 3, 314: si quid est factum clementer, ut dissolute factum criminer, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19: leniter hominem clementerque accepit, id. ib. 2, 4, 40, § 86: ferre aliquid, id. Att. 6, 1, 3: consolationes clementer admotae, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11: quo id pacto fieri possit clementissime, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 5: leo caudam clementer et blande movet, Gell. 5, 14, 12.
- B. (Acc. to II. B.) With forbearance, mildly, with indulgence: clementer et moderate jus dicere, Caes. B. C. 3, 20: clementer a consule accepti, Liv. 27, 15, 2: clementer ductis militibus, i.e. peacefully, without plundering, id. 29, 2, 1.
Comp.: clementius tractare aliquem, Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 5.
Sup.: clementissime scribere de aliquo, Gell. 1, 18, 3: qui victoriā civili clementissime usus est, Sen. Ira, 2, 23, 4.
2. Clēmens, entis, m., a proper name, in later Lat. very freq.: Julius, Tac. A. 1, 23; 1, 26; 15, 73; id. H. 1, 87; 2, 12: Arretinus, id. ib. 4, 68; Suet. Dom. 11: Flavius, id. ib. 15.
clēmentĭa, ae, f. [1. clemens].
- I. A calm, tranquil state of the elements, calmness, mildness, tranquillity (like clemens in this signif. mostly post-Aug.): clementia ventorum, tranquillitas maris, App. de Deo Socr. p. 52, 1: soli caelique, Flor. 3, 3, 18; cf.: emollit gentes clementia caeli, Luc. 8, 366: aestatis, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 5: hiemis, Col. 5, 5, 6: nascentis anni, id. 11, 3, 9: diei, id. 9, 13, 4: Nili, Stat. Th. 3, 527.
- II. (Acc. to clemens, II. B.) Indulgent, forbearing conduct towards the errors and faults of others, moderation, mildness, humanity, forbearance, benignity, clemency, mercy (the class. signif.; very freq., esp. in prose; syn.: benignitas, comitas, lenitas, mansuetudo, etc.): clementia (est), per quam animi temere in odium alicujus concitati invectio comitate retinetur, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 164: clementia est temperantia animi in potestate ulciscendi, vel lenitas … in constituendis poenis, Sen. Clem. 2, 3: facilitas et clementia, * Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 7; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88: illam clementiam mansuetudinemque nostri imperii tantam in crudelitatem inhumanitatemque esse conversam, id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 115; id. Deiot. 15, 43; id. Lig. 3, 10: lenitas et clementia, id. Att. 14, 19, 2: clementia et probitas vestra, Sall. H. 1, 41, 1 Dietsch; Liv. 3, 58, 4; Ov. M. 8, 57; Quint. 9, 2, 28; Tac. H. 3, 19: juris, Quint. 7, 4, 18 Spald., and antith. to jus asperius, id. 9, 2, 90; opp. severitatem, Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 4: elephanti contra minus validos, Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23: leonis in supplices, id. 8, 16, 19, § 48; and as an attribute of princes, id. 8, 7, 7, § 48; Vop. Aur. 44; whence a title of the emperors, v. IV.
Less freq.,
- B. Kindness, sympathy: satrapes violare clementiam quam regis opes minui maluit, Nep. Alcib. 10, 3.
- III. Clementia, personified as a deily, the goddess of grace, Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 14; Stat. Th. 12, 482 sq.; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 6 sq.
- IV. A title of the emperor: Clementia tua, Your Grace, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 65; Spart. ap. Geta, I. init.
Clĕŏbis, is, m., = Κλέοβις, son of the priesless Cydippe, brother of Bito, v. Bito; Val. Max. 5, 4, 4; Schol. ad Verg. G. 3, 132.
Clĕŏbūlus, i, m., = Κλεοβουλος, of Lindus, one of the Seven Sages, Aus. Sept. Sap. 1, 16, 5.
Clĕombrŏtus, i, m.
- I. A Lacedœmonian general, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84.
- II. A young Academic philosopher of Ambracia, Cic. Tusc. 1, 34, 84; id. Scaur. 2, 4; Aug. Civ. Dei, 1, 22.
Clĕon, ōnis, = Κλέων, a Grecian proper name.
- I. An Athenian popular leader, Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 11; id. Brut. 7, 28.
- II. A rhetorician of Halicarnassus, Nep. Lys. 3, 5.
- III. A statuary, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 37.
- IV. A painter, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 140.
Clĕōnae, ārum (Clĕōna, ae, Mel. 2, 2, 9), f., = Κλεωναί.
- I. A small town in Argolis, near Nemea, where Hercules killed the lion, now Clenia, Liv. 33, 14, 11; Ov. M. 6, 417; Plin. 4, 5, 6, § 12.
Hence,
- B. Clĕōnaeus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Cleonœ: ager, Liv. 33, 14, 7: leo, i. e. the Nemean lion, Luc. 4, 612; Sil. 3, 34: sidus = leo, Stat. S. 4, 28; Mart. 4, 60: stirpis, i.e. Herculeae, Stat. Th. 6, 837.
- II. A town in Macedonia, on Mount Athos, Mel. 2, 2, 9; Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 37.
† clĕōnia, ae, f., = κλεωνία, the plant helenium, Theod. Prisc. 4, 1.
† clĕōnīcĭon, ii, n., = κλεωνίκιον, a plant, also called clinopodion, Plin. 24, 15, 87, § 137 (cleonicon, Sillig).
Clĕŏpātră (on the ā cf. Juv. 2, 109; Luc. 9, 1071; 10, 56; Stat. S. 3, 2, 120), ae, f., = Κλεοπάτρα.
- I. Queen of Egypt, and daughter of Ptolemy Auletes, notorious for her amorous intercourse with Cœsar, and afterwards with Antony; conquered at Actium by Augustus, Caes. B. C. 3, 103; 3, 107; Suet. Caes. 35; Luc. 10, 354 sqq.; Val. Fl. 4, 464; Mart. 4, 22, 2; 4, 59, 5.
Hence,
- B. Clĕŏpātrānus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Cleopatra: stirps, Treb. Poll. Claud. 1: uniones, id. Trig. Syr. 32.
- II. A sister of Alexander the Great, and wife of Alexander, king of Epirus, Liv. 8, 24, 17; Just. 9, 6, 1; 13, 6, 4 al.
- III. A daughter of Mithridates, and wife of Tigranes, Just. 38, 3, 3.
- IV. A daughter of I., Just. 39, 3, 1; 39, 4, 7.
Clĕŏphantus, i, m., = Κλεόφαντος.
- I. A physician in Rome, Cic. Clu. 16, 47; Cels. 3, 14; Plin. 20, 5, 15, § 31 al.
- II. A painter of Corinthus, Plin. 35, 3, 5, § 15.
Clĕŏphon, ontis, m., a demagogue of Athens, Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 11.
clĕpo, psi, ptum (not clepi, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 493; Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74), 3, v. a. [root klep- of κλέπτω, whence also clipeus; kindred with celo, cella, occul-o, clam],
- I. to steal (rare, and mostly anteclass. for furor): sacrum qui clepsit rapsitve, old form. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22: si quis clepsit, etc., old form. ap. Liv. 22, 10, 5; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; id. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 68; Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 6; Lucil. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 94 Müll.; Auct. ap. Cic. Rep. 4, 5, 11 (v. Non. p. 20, 14; cf. Madvig. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 75); Manil. 1, 27; Prud. Psych. 562.
- II. Trop.: sermonem, to listen secretly to, Pac. ap. Non. p. 20, 18; so, verba nostra auribus, Att. ib. p. 12: se opificio, to withdraw secretly from the work, Varr. ib. p. 20: se, to conceal one’s self, Sen. Med. 156; id. Herc. Fur. 799.
clepsydra, ae, f., = κλεψύδρα, an instrument for measuring time by water, similar to our sand-glasses, a water-clock, clepsydra, Sen. Ep. 24, 19; Veg. Mil. 3, 8; App. M. 3, p. 130, 19; used by speakers to measure the length of their discourse, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 67; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 14; 6, 2, 5; 1, 23, 2.
Meton., the time measured by the clepsydra, and hence, petere clepsydram, to ask leave to speak; and dare clepsydram, to give leave to speak, Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 138; Mart. 6, 35; cf. aqua, II. F., and Dict. of Antiq. pp. 508 sq.
‡ clepsydrārĭus, ii, m. [clepsydra], a maker of water-clocks, Inscr. Murat. 935, 8.* † clepta, ae, m., = κλέπτης, a thief, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 9.
clērĭcālis, e, adj. [clericus], clerical, priestly (eccl. Lat.): tirocinium, Sid. Ep. 6, 7: comitatus, id. ib. 7, 2 et saep.
clērĭcātus, ūs, m. [clericus], the clerical office (eccl. Lat.), Hier. Ep. 60, n. 10; 125, n. 8 et saep.
† clērĭcus, i, m., = κληρικός, a clergyman, priest (eccl. Lat.), Hier. Ep. 60, n. 10 al.
† Clērūmĕnoe, ōn, m., = Κληρούμενοι (those who draw lots), the name of a comedy of Diphilus, Lat. Sortientes, Plaut. Cas. prol. 31; cf. Rost. Plaut. Cuped. XVIII. p. 5 sq.
† clērus, i, m., = κλῆρος, the clerical order, the clergy (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Monog. 12; Prud. στεφ. 4, 78 al.